How Does the Prosecutor Prove Unlawful Imprisonment in Arizona?

To convict someone of unlawful imprisonment in Arizona, the prosecutor must prove several elements beyond a reasonable doubt. Under ARS 13-1303, the prosecution will typically use the following evidence to establish the crime:1. Intentional Restraint; 2. Lack of Consent; 3. No Lawful Right to Stop Movement; 4. Freedom of Movement Affected; and 5. Force, Intimidation or Deception.To prove unlawful imprisonment in Arizona, the prosecutor must establish that the defendant knowingly restricted another person’s movement (intentional restraint) without their consent and without legal authority. The victim’s freedom of movement must have been substantially interfered with, meaning it was more than a minor inconvenience. Evidence such as physical barriers (locking a door), verbal threats, or deception (tricking someone into staying) may be used to show the defendant used force, intimidation, or deceit to restrain the alleged victim.

What Is Unlawful Imprisonment in Arizona?

In Arizona, unlawful imprisonment is a criminal offense that occurs when someone knowingly restrains another person’s movement without legal authority. The charge is defined under ARS 13-1303, and it often arises in situations involving:

  • Domestic disputes – One partner prevents the other from leaving during an argument.
  • Altercations in public places – Someone forcibly holds another person back, blocking their movement.
  • False accusations – A person claims they were unlawfully restrained, even if it was consensual.

Legal Definition (ARS 13-1303):

A person commits unlawful imprisonment by knowingly restraining another person without their consent or legal justification.

Unlawful imprisonment does not require physical violence—blocking a door, holding someone against their will, or using intimidation can be enough for a charge.


Penalties for Unlawful Imprisonment in Arizona

The penalties for unlawful imprisonment in Arizona depend on the circumstances of the crime and whether the victim was harmed or voluntarily released. The charge can be classified as either a Class 6 felony or a Class 1 misdemeanor, with varying consequences.


Class 6 Felony Penalties for Unlawful Imprisonment in Arizona

If the victim was restrained against their will and was not voluntarily released, the charge is classified as a Class 6 felony under ARS 13-1303. The penalties for a Class 6 felony in Arizona include:

Prison Sentence: 4 months to 1.5 years in the Arizona Department of Corrections
Probation: Up to 3 years (depending on prior criminal history)
Fines and Fees: Up to $150,000 in fines, plus court costs and surcharges
Permanent Felony Record: A felony conviction can impact employment, housing, firearm rights, and immigration status

Aggravating vs. Mitigating Factors

  • Aggravating factors (e.g., the victim was a child, suffered injury, or was restrained for an extended period) can increase the sentence.
  • Mitigating factors (e.g., no prior criminal history, cooperation with law enforcement, or strong community ties) may reduce the sentence or allow for probation instead of prison.

Can a Felony Unlawful Imprisonment in Arizona be Reduced to a Misdemeanor?

Arizona law allows some Class 6 felonies to be designated as misdemeanors if the defendant has little to no criminal history. If the court determines the circumstances do not warrant a felony conviction, the charge may be reduced to a Class 1 misdemeanor under ARS 13-604. This is why having an experienced criminal defense attorney is crucial.


Class 1 Misdemeanor Penalties for Unlawful Imprisonment in Arizona

If the victim was released voluntarily and unharmed before law enforcement arrived, the charge is reduced to a Class 1 misdemeanor, which carries significantly lower penalties.

Jail Sentence: Up to 6 months in county jail
Probation: Up to 3 years
Fines and Fees: Up to $2,500, plus court costs and surcharges
Criminal Record: A misdemeanor conviction will appear on background checks and can still affect employment and housing opportunities

While a misdemeanor is less severe than a felony, a conviction still carries serious legal and personal consequences.


Additional Consequences of an Unlawful Imprisonment Conviction

Beyond the criminal penalties, a conviction for unlawful imprisonment—whether a felony or misdemeanor—can have lasting repercussions, including:

🔹 Loss of Firearm Rights – Felony convictions result in a permanent loss of gun ownership rights in Arizona.
🔹 Employment Barriers – Many employers hesitate to hire individuals with criminal records, particularly felonies.
🔹 Housing Issues – Landlords may refuse to rent to individuals with felony or violent crime convictions.
🔹 Immigration Consequences – Non-citizens may face deportation or be denied visa renewals.
🔹 Family Law Implications – A conviction could negatively impact child custody disputes or divorce proceedings.

These long-term effects make it critical to fight the charges aggressively with the help of an experienced attorney.


How Unlawful Imprisonment in Arizona Differs from Kidnapping

Many people confuse unlawful imprisonment with kidnapping (ARS 13-1304). While both crimes involve restraining a person, kidnapping requires additional elements, such as:

Crime Definition Penalty
Unlawful Imprisonment Restricting another person’s movement without legal authority Misdemeanor or felony (Class 6)
Kidnapping Holding someone with the intent to harm, ransom, or force participation in a crime Class 2 Felony (up to 12.5 years in prison)

Unlawful imprisonment is a less severe charge, but it is still a serious crime in Arizona.

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Defenses Against Unlawful Imprisonment Charges

If you are charged with unlawful imprisonment in Arizona, there are several legal defenses available. At Tamou Law Group, we explore every possible defense to fight for our clients.

1️⃣ Lack of Intent

The prosecution must prove that you knowingly restrained another person. If the incident was accidental or unintentional, you cannot be convicted.

2️⃣ Consent

If the alleged victim voluntarily stayed in the location or agreed to be restrained (e.g., in a prank or consensual situation), there is no crime.

3️⃣ Self-Defense

If you restrained someone to prevent them from causing harm, it may be a justifiable defense. For example, stopping an intoxicated person from driving could be considered a protective measure rather than unlawful imprisonment.

4️⃣ False Accusation

Many unlawful imprisonment cases arise from false allegations, especially in domestic disputes. If witnesses, surveillance footage, or phone records contradict the victim’s claim, it can weaken the prosecution’s case.

5️⃣ Insufficient Evidence

The prosecution must present concrete evidence to support the charge. If there is no proof beyond a reasonable doubt, the case may be dismissed.

Each case is unique, and a strong defense strategy depends on the specific facts of your situation.


Where Are Unlawful Imprisonment Cases Heard in Arizona?

If you are charged with unlawful imprisonment, your case will be heard in Arizona’s municipal, justice, or superior courts.

Some of the key courthouses include:

📍 Maricopa County Superior Court – 201 W. Jefferson St., Phoenix, AZ
📍 Pima County Superior Court – 110 W. Congress St., Tucson, AZ

We handle cases across Phoenix, Tucson, Mesa, Glendale, and all of Arizona.


What to Do If You Are Charged with Unlawful Imprisonment in Arizona

Do not speak to the police – Anything you say can be used against you.
Gather evidence – Texts, videos, and witness statements can help your defense.
Contact Tamou Law Group immediately to discuss your legal options.

📞 Call us at 623-321-4699 for a free consultation.


Why Choose Tamou Law Group?

Aggressive Defense: We fight to get charges reduced or dismissed.
Experienced Representation: Successfully defending Arizona clients for years.
Free Consultation: Call 623-321-4699 today to discuss your case.

If you are facing unlawful imprisonment charges, don’t wait. Contact Tamou Law Group today for the defense you deserve.